I watched Red Road during the week. I thought it was great. But then I’m obsessed with all things to do with surveillance.

The woman in it gets to watch this huge bank of screens and follow people around on them. I am totally against this kind of thing but I would really love to have a go of one. Just sitting there watching people doing regular things would fascinate me. In some way I think that’s where my fascination for videoblogs – and by that I mean regular people’s short, personal video offerings – comes from. Little glimpses into everyday life can be so telling. On their own they can be kind of boring and mundane, but in aggregate they are a huge story. I guess that’s why the bank of cameras is so compelling – you’ve got your compendium of views right there in front of you.

Last week at work I got access to some footage from a police ride along that one of the reporters did. The cast offs had some really great stuff in them. There was some stuff from an actual real life bank of cameras in Belfast. And also a policeman on the beat showing off for the camera. He did a practise search of some young men. I find it really poignant for some reason. Why did they agree to let a policeman search them? Did they really feel they had a choice? The young lads seem incredibly sweet and they’re pretty funny. I guess it’s not the typical interaction between a policeman and some young lads as he is gently chiding them and they are ribbing him and he is fully aware of that but ignores it. Basically like a teacher and some rascally teenagers at school.

Police Ride Along Videos

Oct 042006

EFF: Breaking News

It’s been a while since I checked out what was happening with the EFF. Right now they are suing the FBI for information regarding surveillance technologies used to monitor online activity.

EFF: Breaking News

I finished reading The Digital Person by Daniel Solove. The last section is all about government access to information stored by private companies. Database firms like ChoicePoint are making electronic profiles of us that they will sell to anyone prepared to pay for this data. Federal Agencies can buy information from ChoicePoint that they are prevented by law from gathering themselves. The government and big businesses are essentially colluding to deny us our privacy rights and any control over our own information.

I also read a superb article by David Lyon called “Everyday Surveillance: Personal data and social classifications”. He outlines the reasons we are so dependent on surveillance and looks at the possible implications for a society that classifies its citizens based on constant monitoring. A must-read for anyone interested in this stuff.

In “Privacy as a Common Good in the Digital World” Priscilla Regan argues that cyberspace is a commons and that privacy is a common good. I’m not convinced by the argument that personal information is a common pool resource because I don’t think it is in any way analogous to water or grazing pastures in that it’s not really something we all share in that kind of way. However I think her insight that privacy is something that needs to be tackled collectively is a sound one.

A Wall Street Journal article from 2001 (that you have to pay for unfortunately – you’d think after four years they could let it go) “The Privacy Officer: What’s standing between your personal information and the world? People like Benjamin E. Robinson III” describes the phenomenon whereby companies hire someone to cover their arses privacy-wise. Obviously if a company hires someone to protect my data they will totally have my best interests at heart. Sigh.

Also in the WSJ “Big Brother-in-Law: If the FBI hopes to get the goods on you, it may ask ChoicePoint”, again from 2001 and again paid. This is a really interesting article though if you can get your hands on it.

Final pay link, but Dan Savage’s Can I Get a Little Privacy? from November 16th is one of the recent articles about privacy to cause a stir online. He proposes a constitutional amendment guaranteeing privacy. I’m wary of this as a solution. It seems to me that privacy is a natural right and not something that needs to be explicitly granted by a constitution and that once you do that you could end up going places you never wanted to. Change constitutions at your peril. Learn from Ireland’s embarrassing and misogynistic mistakes.

I wrote my paper for Embedding Privacy: The Identity Fraud Fraud

I just read chapters 5 & 6 of Solove’s The Digital Person. It’s about the limitations of the idea of the market providing adequate protection to people’s privacy. The idea that people don’t care about their personal information because they are prepared to sign it away for free is one of those disingenuous arguments that could only possibly be made by the very literal-minded or the very determined to get their hands on your information and not take any responsibility for it.

People have no choices when it comes to privacy policies – if they want to use the world wide web they are agreeing to privacy policies they haven’t even read just by clicking on a website. There is no appreciable difference between most privacy policies offered and they are long and hard to read and full of exceptions, making it virtually impossible for even the most time-rich and privacy-obsessed individual to know exactly what they are agreeing to when they give up their information.

Solove makes a case that the problem is architectural – i.e. that the way US bureaucracies are set up makes people vulnerable to identity theft. The solution to the risk of identity theft must come from changing the ways that information is gathered and used, not by treating an identity thief as a burglar who stole a TV.

I also read an article called “Congress Close to Establishing Rules for Driver’s Licenses” from the New York Times from last year. I guess it’s probably behind their sucky pay wall. Anyway, the interesting thing is that last year Congress tried to pass a bill regarding standardising Drivers’ Licenses that could be eventually be required by the Department of Homeland Security as a type of internal passport.

We were talking in class about the OnStar telematics system that could eventually send information from a crash to emergency services, the police, or (contentiously) insurance companies. It seems to me a good thing that the police have access to data like this when attempting to establish what happened during a car crash, but some of the others had concerns about this kind of “scientific” data being interpreted without any consideration of context.

I also read “Identity Chip Planted Under Skin Approved for Use in Health Care”, another NYT article from last year behind the pay wall. It’s pretty interesting, particularly in the light of Meghan Trainor’s thesis project from last year. I’ve heard Meghan talking about a lot of these issues – how much is possible and how much is not.

An interesting article by David Lazarus of The San Francisco Chronicle: “The Devil’s in phone bill details”. It’s from 2002 when PacBell notified its customers that it was going to share their information with all SBC subsidiaries unless they opted out by phone.

Another pay article from the Wall Street Journal from 2001: “Big Brother-in-Law”. This is interesting though – it’s about the ChoicePoint database and how goverment agencies including the FBI are using data collected about citizens to get around Privacy Act (1974).

Plus a module on Privacy in the Workplace from the Department of Cyberlaw at Harvard. Basically if you’re an employee you have no rights. But we all knew that. Your employer can spy on you even if they promise they won’t.

I just read the section of Solove’s The Digital Person about the records that the US government holds on its citizens and the privacy problems that arise from the fact that so many of them are public.

Of course the meaning of “public” changes when rather than seek out a particular piece of information from a government office you need only go to the Internet and a do a search that will turn up lots of aggregated data on a particular person. This allows for easy speculative searching. It also violates the principles established by the courts that data is publicly available where it is not just sought for idle curiosity or to cause scandal.

Also check out my favourites the Electronic Frontier Foundation’s article Is Your Printer Spying on You?. They have lists of what printers do and don’t print tracking dots.

I also read a New York Times article called “As Surveillance Cameras Peer, Some Wonder if They Also Pry” by David M. Halbfinger. This is from 1998, and discusses the proliferation of security, traffic, and weather cameras and the lack of control over how they were used or where they were placed.

I’ve noticed that people here seem to think of London as the example of the terrible things that happen if you allow security cameras everywhere. It’s kind of interesting, because it doesn’t seem as contentious there as here. Though you do hear people speaking against surveillance cameras in the UK from time to time.

BBC NEWS | Technology | Warcraft game maker in spying row

This week’s guest on Earshot was Kevin Bankston from the Electronic Frontier Foundation.

He spoke to me about National Security Letters, gag orders, and the Patriot Act’s impact on privacy rights.

Listen to Earshot.

So this is what I’ve been reading about for Privacy class.

Still loving The Digital Person, Solove has a repect for literary metaphor that I really appreciate.

His argument is that the Big Brother paradigm has harmed conceptions of privacy because the real threat to privacy comes not from an organised totalitarian regime, but from decentralised, bureaucratic, careless, and uncontrolled forces collecting information about us over which we then have no control.

This is the Kafka metaphor – in The Trial Joseph K. comes up against an impersonal bureaucracy that is not particularly hostile to him, but which tells him he is being tried for a crime but won’t give him any information about what that is.

Kind of reminds me of National Security Letters. More on that later…

Here are the rest of the things we were looking at for this week:
California Department of Insurance Website Privacy Policy Notice

Dirty Laundry, Online for All to See – This is an article looking at what kinds of public information should be available online.

I also read “The Supreme Court’s Biggest Question” and “The Supreme Court’s Private Life” from the New York Times. These were both written in September during John Roberts’s confirmation as Chief Justice.

I’m very much a novice when it comes to understanding American law, but the idea that abortion rights are protected under privacy laws seems problematic to me. Or at least the idea that it’s the privacy to make the decision is problematic: surely one of the purposes of a legal system is to deny people choice over decisions the state has deemed unacceptable?

There again, privacy to make decisions that are not hurtful to others would certainly make sense in terms of privacy to make the decision to take drugs or commit suicide or choose to die. Whether or not abortion fits into this category is the nub of the whole moral argument surrounding it.

I could see abortion relating to privacy in the sense of privacy over what happens to one’s own body, and the right to be let alone physically. But does privacy relate to the body? It would seem that it should.

Also these links to some online Harvard Privacy Law classes. These are well worth looking at.
Data Profiling Introduction
Return to Privacy Module 1

For Embedding Privacy we had to read “Privacy and the Private States” by Janna Malamud Smith. It looks at the states of privacy, as name by Alan Westin: solitude, anonymity, reserve, and intimacy. It’s not earth-shattering, but puts some of the main issues with privacy into some kind of order. As we discovered at the first class, it’s quite difficult to really describe what privacy is in any logically consistent way. It’s an idea that seems to rely as much on feeling as on reasoning.

We also read the first two chapters of Daniel Solove’s The Digital Person. I really like this book. It’s the kind of read that could easily make you into a paranoid wreck. He writes about the digital dossiers that are kept on everybody who takes part in the world either as a citizen or a consumer. It’s very weighted towards the USA, where it’s perfectly legal for government agencies to sell data to businesses. Interesting insights into something I knew about, but wasn’t quite au fait with the specifics.

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